Lesson 1: What Are Currency Cross Pairs?

Module 4: Currency Crosses
Date Published: April 18, 2024
Last Updated: August 12, 2024
3 Minutes
Lesson Overview
What Are Currency Cross Pairs?

So, cross currency pairs? Aren’t they just the same as the minor pairs? 

Lesson Highlights

  • The currency cross pairs are as profitable as the major pairs because the currencies pairs together in this category are the currencies of the major global economies.

Currency Pairs and Forex Trading 

Trading forex is only possible with a currency pair. Yes, you trade currency pairs here, not a single currency.  

The logic here is you get to maximize and profit from the exchange rate between the currency pairs.  

Suppose you go long on EUR/JPY. In other words, you’re buying the EUR using JPY and speculating that EUR will strengthen against the JPY. Why?  

Because the moment the EUR appreciates, the EUR/JPY will follow suit. When this happens, your long position will run at profit because the market moves upward.  

There are two currencies to consider when choosing a currency pair: 

  1. Base Currency: The first stated currency in the pair (ex. EUR). This currency can be the one you're selling or the one you're buying.  
  2. Quoted Currency: The second stated currency in the pair (ex. JPY). This currency is the one that you receive or the one you sell.  

Types of Currency Pairs 

Did you know that 180 currencies are legally traded in the forex market? Already overwhelmed?  

Wait until you pair each with one another. There would be tens of thousands of pairs! That would make picking which currency pair to trade with much harder. 

However, there are classifications you can use when you're choosing a currency pair to trade with. These are the major, minor, and exotic currency pairs. 

For the major category, the pair must be between the US dollar and another major currency. The majors should be under the strongest global economy. 

  • EUR/USD  
  • USD/JPY  
  • GBP/USD  
  • USD/CHF  
  • AUD/USD  
  • USD/CAD 

Contrary to the major pairs, the minor category doesn’t include the USD, but rather the crossing of other major currencies.  

  • EUR/GBP  
  • EUR/AUD  
  • CHF/JPY  
  • EUR/CHF  
  • GBP/JPY  
  • GBP/CAD 

Lastly, exotic pairs are the pairing of a major and an exotic currency. By exotic currency, we’re talking about the currency of those countries that are becoming more involved in the global financial scene.  

  • EUR/TRY  
  • JPY/TRY  
  • USD/THB  
  • AUD/MXN  
  • GBP/ZAR  
  • USD/PLN 

Currency crosses are profitable as the major pairs 

Over the years, the world has seen how the USD dominates almost every aspect of the global economy. With that, most forex traders trade pairs that have USD in it, driving its volatility and tons of profitable opportunities.   

However, major pairs are not the only profitable among all the categories. 

Instead of just looking at the seven majors, or the dollar-based pairs, you can shift your focus to currency crosses. In this category, you’re up to the same opportunities in majors. The catch? It’s safer because it’s not as volatile as the major pairs.  

How come it’s as profitable as the major pairs if it’s not as volatile? Well, in cross currency trading, you open yourself to more possibilities because these currencies are not bound to the USD, thus it has a different price movement behavior, potentially more profitable than the major pairs movement.  

How to calculate currency cross rates 

Most, if not all, brokers platforms provide these rates for you automatically. However, it wouldn’t hurt to know how to calculate this yourself, right? 

Okay, let’s assume you want to look at the rate of GBP/JPY.  

When calculating the currency cross rate of this pair, you factor in the bid/ask price of both GBP/USD and USD/JPY. Yes, you should look at two pairs, essentially the ones where the USD is paired with both currencies in your pair (GBP and JPY).  

Note: Bid is the buying price, while ask is the selling price. 

 

Now, suppose the bid/ask prices of the two are;  

GBP/USD: 1.3550 (bid) / 1.3552 (ask) 

USD/JPY: 123.20 (bid) / 123.22 (ask) 

After getting the bid/ask prices for the two pairs, simply follow these formulas for the rates of your cross pair: 

Bid price= CP1 Bid x CP2 Bid 

Ask price= AP1 Ask x AP2 Ask 

Where: 

CP1 Bid: Bid price of 1st currency pair  

CP2 Bid: Bid price of 2nd currency pair 

CP1 Ask: Ask price of 1st currency pair  

CP2 Ask: Ask price of 2nd currency pair 

 

Now, let’s calculate with these given:  

 

CP1 Bid: 1.3550 

CP1 Ask: 1.3552 

CP2 Bid: 123.20 

CP2 Ask: 123.22 

We can conclude that the computation will be the following: 

GBP/JPY Bid = 1.3550 x 123.20  

GBP/JPY Bid = 166.936 / 166.94 

GBP/JPY Ask = 1.3552 x 123.22  

GBP/JPY Ask = 166.9877 / 166.98 

Here, you can safely assume that the bid/ask price of GBP/JPY is 166.94 and 166.98